Glossary

A

A/B testing

Comparing two versions of an ad or app to see which performs better.

Ad call

A signal sent by an app or browser to request an ad.

Ad exchange

A digital marketplace that connects publishers and advertisers in programmatic auctions.

Ad fraud

Any activity intended to trick systems into counting invalid impressions, clicks, or installs.

Ad inventory

The total amount of space available for ads on a publisher’s platform.

Ad mediation

A technique that manages multiple ad networks to increase fill rate and revenue.

Ad request

Technology that stores and delivers digital ads to websites or apps.

Ad server

A signal sent by an app or browser to request an ad.

Ad slot

A specific location on a page or app where an ad can appear.

Ads.txt

A public file used by publishers to declare authorized digital ad sellers.

Advertiser

The brand or company paying to run ads.

Audio ad

An ad format that plays in audio environments like podcasts or streaming apps.

B

Banner ad

A graphical ad unit typically placed at the top, bottom, or sides of a web or app page.

Bid

An offer made by a buyer to place an ad for a certain price in an auction.

Bid shading

A strategy to reduce bid prices in first-price auctions while maintaining win rates.

Brand safety

Making sure ads don’t appear near inappropriate or harmful content.

Buyer ID

A unique identifier assigned to a buyer in programmatic bidding systems.

C

CCPA

California Consumer Privacy Act

California Consumer Privacy Act, a California law that protects the personal data of California residents. Applies to businesses worldwide if they handle data from California users.

CTR

Click-through rate

The percentage of users who clicked an ad after seeing it.

Click fraud

Fake or automated clicks intended to deplete advertiser budgets.

Cohort targeting

Targeting groups of users with shared behaviors or characteristics.

Cookie-less advertising

Ad strategies that don’t rely on browser cookies, often for privacy compliance.

Click-through rate

Percentage of users who clicked an ad after seeing it.

Conversion

A desired user action, like signing up or making a purchase.

CPD

Customer profile data

Customer profile data used to define and segment target audiences.

CPC

Cost per click

Cost per click, you pay only when someone clicks your ad.

CPI

Cost per install

Cost per install, you pay only when someone installs your app.

CPM

Cost per mille

Cost per mille, the cost of 1,000 ad impressions.

Creative

The actual content of an ad, image, video, or audio that users see or hear.

CRM

Customer relationship management

A system that helps manage and improve interactions with customers and their companies, including customer information.

Cross-device tracking

Linking a user's behavior across multiple devices.

CTV

Connected TV

Connected TV, any internet-enabled TV like Roku, Fire TV, or smart TVs.

CDP

Customer Data platform

Organizes first-party data for targeting and personalization.

D

Data enrichment

Adding more data points to existing user profiles to improve targeting.

DMP

Data management platform

Technology that collects and segments user data for targeting and analysis.

Deep linking

URLs that lead users to specific content within an app.

DSP

Demand-side platform

A tool for advertisers to buy media across multiple exchanges in real time.

Device ID

A unique identifier tied to a user's smartphone or tablet.

Display ad

Static or animated banner shown on websites or apps.

Domain spoofing

A fraud technique where fake sites pretend to be premium publishers.

Down funnel optimisation

Optimizing for users likely to take valuable actions, like purchases.

E

eCPM

Effective cost per mille

Effective cost per mille, the estimated earnings per 1,000 impressions.

Event tracking

Monitoring user actions such as clicks, views, or purchases within an app or site.

Engagement rate

The percentage of users who interact with an ad or app compared to those who view it.

F

Fill rate

Percentage of ad requests filled with actual ads.

First-party data

Data collected directly by the app or website owner.

Frequency

The average number of times an ad is shown to the same user.

Frequency capping

A setting that limits how often a specific user sees the same ad.

Fraud detection

Methods used to identify and block invalid traffic, bots, or fake installs.

G

GDPR

General Data Protection Regulation

The GDPR is an EU law that protects user privacy and data rights.

Geotargeting

Delivering ads to users based on their geographic location.

Growth marketing

A data-driven approach focused on user acquisition, activation, and retention.

H

Header bidding

An auction where multiple buyers bid for an ad impression before the ad server is called.

Header bidding wrapper

A JavaScript library used to manage and optimize header bidding partners.

House ad

An advertisement promoting the publisher's own products or services.

Hybrid monetization

Combining multiple revenue strategies like ads and in-app purchases.

I

IAB

Interactive Advertising Bureau

Interactive Advertising Bureau – an industry organization that develops standards and conducts research.

Impression

A single instance of an ad being displayed to a user.

In-app ad

An advertisement shown within a mobile app environment.

IO

Insertion order

A formal agreement that outlines the details of an ad campaign between a buyer and seller.

Install referrer

Data that identifies which source led a user to install an app.

Interstitial ad

A full-screen ad that appears during natural breaks in app usage.

IVT

Invalid traffic

Traffic from bots, fraud, or non-human sources that should not count toward campaign performance.

J

Javascript tag

A snippet of code placed on a webpage to trigger tracking or ad serving.

K

KPI

Key performance indicator

Key performance indicator, a measurable value used to evaluate campaign success.

L

Latency

The delay between when an ad is requested and when it appears to the user.

LTV

Lifetime value

A prediction of how much revenue a user will generate over their time with an app or service.

Location data

Information about a user’s geographic position used for targeting.

Lookalike audience

A group of users who share traits with an existing audience segment.

M

MMP

Mobile measurement partner

Mobile measurement partner, a platform that attributes, measures, and tracks installs and user behavior.

Monetization

The process of earning revenue from apps or digital content.

Mobile attribution

Tracking where users came from before installing an app.

Multi-touch attribution

Attribution model that credits multiple user touchpoints leading to a conversion.

N

Native ad

An ad designed to match the look and feel of the surrounding content.

Non-human traffic

Impressions or clicks generated by bots or automated systems.

O

OpenRTB

An open protocol that enables real-time bidding between ad exchanges and demand sources.

Opt-in

A user’s explicit consent to receive marketing or data tracking.

OTT

Over-the-top media

Over-the-top media services streamed directly to users via the internet without cable.

P

Pageview

Each time a user loads a web page.

Performance marketing

Marketing strategies focused on measurable results like clicks, installs, or conversions.

Personalized ads

Ads tailored based on user behavior or preferences.

Playable ad

An interactive ad format allowing users to try a mini experience before installing.

Postback

A server-to-server signal confirming a user action like an install or purchase.

Prebid.js

An open-source header bidding solution for publishers.

Privacy sandbox

Google's initiative to replace third-party cookies with privacy-respecting solutions.

Programmatic advertising

Automated ad buying and selling using software and data-driven algorithms.

Publisher

The app, website, or platform that hosts and displays ads.

Q

QPS

Queries per second

Queries per second – a metric showing how many requests an ad server handles in real time.

R

RTB

Real-time bidding

An auction process that takes place in milliseconds to serve the most relevant ad.

Reach

The total number of unique users who saw an ad.

Retargeting

Re-engaging users with ads after they've interacted with your brand.

Rewarded ad

A video or playable ad users opt in to watch in exchange for an in-app reward.

S

SDK

Software development kit

Software development kit, a bundle of tools used to integrate functionality like ads into an app.

Second-price auction

An auction model where the highest bidder wins but pays the second-highest price.

Session

A period of user activity within an app or site before becoming inactive.

SKAN

Skadnetwork

Apple's privacy-centric attribution system for iOS apps.

SPO

Supply path optimization

Supply path optimization, reducing intermediaries in programmatic to increase efficiency.

SSAI

Server-side ad insertion

Server-side ad insertion, injecting ads into video streams on the server level.

SSP

Supply-side platform

Supply-side platform, a tool that helps publishers sell their ad inventory programmatically.

T

Targeting

Using data to decide which users should see specific ads.

Third-party data

User information collected by entities other than the direct app or site owner.

Tracking link

A URL embedded with parameters to monitor user interactions and conversions.

U

UA

User acquisition

Marketing activities focused on attracting new users or installs for an app or service.

Uninstall tracking

Measuring when and why users delete an app.

User-level data

Granular data tied to a specific user ID or device.

Utm parameters

Tags added to URLs to track campaign performance in analytics tools.

V

Viewability

A metric that shows whether an ad had the chance to be seen by a user.

View-through attribution

Giving credit for a conversion to an ad that was viewed but not clicked.

VTR

View-through rate

The percentage of users who saw an ad and later completed a desired action, such as making a purchase or signing up.

Video ad

Any ad served before, during, or after streaming video content.

Waterfall

An ad mediation method that prioritizes networks based on historical performance.

Win rate

The ratio of impressions won vs. total bids submitted in an auction.

Whitelist

A list of approved domains, apps, or partners allowed to serve ads.

W

Waterfall

An ad mediation method that prioritizes networks based on historical performance.

Win rate

The ratio of impressions won vs. total bids submitted in an auction.

Whitelist

A list of approved domains, apps, or partners allowed to serve ads.

X

Xml feed

A data format often used to pass structured content, such as ad listings or video metadata.

Y

Yield

The total revenue generated from ad inventory.

Youtube instream ad

A skippable or non-skippable video ad served within YouTube content.

Z

Zero-party data

Data that a user intentionally and proactively shares with a brand.

We don’t just define the terms,

we build the tech behind them.

Learn how Mars Media Group helps partners deliver first-class results across mobile, CTV, and programmatic. Our team at Mars Media Group is here to help.

Start Now